Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Philip-Morris-Marlboro Essay Example for Free
Philip-Morris-Marlboro Essay The largest cigarette manufacturer in the United States is Philip Morris but there are also four major players in the industry. In 1998, due to a decrease in number of sales and customer feedback, Philip Morris resulted to cut prices among the four players and level the competition. It is evident that the other manufacturers are getting the edge of being cheap because more people buy their product. Philip Morris is a notch higher because of its quality and sensation hence smokers would prefer to smoke more and pay for less. Philip Morris consciously cut prices to avoid consumers to switch to cheaper cigarettes. When this was done, the shipments towards retail sellers dropped twice as fast meaning the move of Philip Morris to cut prices was effective. The Philip Morris was yet to be successful since the other players such as Marlboro and R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Holdings Corp, which is the second-biggest cigarette producer, panicked and had implemented the same changes to their prices but this time they have also intensified advertisements to attract more customers. With this economic trend, it shows that cigarette smokes are really particular when it terms of prices. Quality is the second thing that they look upon since they want to smoke more for less compensation. Since it was a good run for Philip Morris, there have been increased promotions that helped diminish the discrepancy among other competitors that have cheaper prices. The lower prices helped Philip Morris increase its share of cigarette sales. It would be wise for Philip Morris to be polymorphous and adaptive about the prices. To have cut prices would entail that they are elastic in nature and his highly sensitive to other cigarette manufactures. When it comes to health, the move of organization to intensify their opposition against smoking could really be a factor so to have cut prices means that they are want to keep their consumers regardless of the posing health risks. Back to the economic terms, to have cut prices is to maintain the competition among the other players in the cigarette industry. A simple trade of small sales with high prices or large sales with low prices, either way is good as long as the net income is still enough to break-even or be profitable. With the reputation and the prestige that Philip Morris already established. Changes in prices among rival players would only be minor and can be handled easily. To take into consideration, the people in the retailing department are the ones who really set the prices for their product. Since retailers buy them in wholesale, the tendency is that they get the product cheap and sell it high. Well, that is basic but the fact is they remain unaffected in terms of competition hence they are unaware of the rising conflict in the greater economy. If the market were in perfect monopoly then buying low and selling high would be very effective.            To have cut prices is to level the competition for other players. It is not done unreasonably. Price hikes and cut prices depend on the economic trend being foreseen or predicted according to the sales and income a company gets. Given a chance, to decide if Philip Morris should have a cut price, I would agree because there are many new players in the cigarette industry that are cheap and quality too and besides being the number one producer does not necessarily mean that one is the number one seller. People have different preferences when it comes to smoking cigarette hence the posing threats to their health are neglected.            To make the long story short, Philip Morris should only watch the trends before jumping into having cut prices. Discounts and price cuts does not necessarily mean greater sales. It comes along with timing and situation. Putting it into economics, the demand for the product is same at all levels, the supply is also the same, then the determining factor to a successful sales is that to have prices that will catch the attention of the consumers and would complicate the assets of the rival players. Pricing one’s product is a key to be successful in the industry. List of References Convience Store news. (2003). ‘Philip Morris Revamps Rebate Program’. [on-line] available from http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/food-stores/4477294-1.html [February 8, 2008] Irish Examiner (2004.). ‘Philip Morris to cut cigarette prices to keep customers’ [on-line] available from http://archives.tcm.ie/irishexaminer/2004/01/01/story447418409.asp [February 8, 2008] Gleen Collins. (2003. ‘Philip Morris Sharply Cuts Prices’ [on-line] available from http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9506E7DF1E39F935A25757C0A960958260 [February 8, 2008]
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
Andrew Carnegie :: essays research papers
                                        5162000      Over the last hundred years many great people have come and gone. Only a few of these people have etched a legacy in history that puts them in a category of being influential through out the entire century. To achieve this state of supreme centennial importance ones impact must benefit not only the people living in the present but must also positively affect the men and women of the near and distant future. Anyone who accomplishes this task should be named the most influential person of the Twentieth Century. Because of Andrew Carnegie’s stand against harsh labor, expansion of the steel industry, and extreme generosity with ongoing philanthropic work, history will record him as the most influential person of the Twentieth Century.      Carnegie is most widely known for his monopolization of the steel industry. He developed numerous companies to support the need for steel in the developing United States. He foresaw that following the Civil War steel was going to be an important part of American life. He decided that it would be a smart idea to invest in the developing industry and that decision paid off enormously. (Amer. Exp.) He worked to modernize the United States through the building of bridges, railroads, and other vital roadways, which in turn brought the country together. By 1900, Carnegie Steel Juggernaut produced more steel, than all of Great Britain. In the early part of the Twentieth century large monopolies ruled the industrial world bringing about long hours, low wages, and harsh working conditions. This was also the time when the thought or the attempt to unionize was completely out of the question as far as most leaders of industry were concerned. Andrew Carnegie was the one of the so-called robber barons that took a stand against the unfair working conditions. Carnegie preached the rights of laborers and felt they should unionize to protect their jobs. (Amer Exp 2) As a result of Carnegie’s strong reputation his stand for unionization sent a message to the world that unions can and should be allowed. He persevered to shorten the average workday, and saw industry as a corporation between the worker and the employer. Carnegie felt that work and money were a means to an end. His goal in industry wasn’t to become the richest man but instead to improve himself to benefit the greater good of mankind. He felt that the best way to accomplish this goal was through communication.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Evaluation of the Effects of Poverty in Alexandra Informal Settlements Essay
A vast majority of people in the World’s population live in extreme poverty. Poverty is multi-faceted. It can be linked with hunger, unemployment, exploitation, and lack of access to clean water, sanitation, health-care or schools. It can be about vulnerability to crisis and homelessness. While clearly many of these issues are related to not having enough money, it is simplistic to ignore the non-material aspects of the experience of poverty. The poor are not concerned exclusively with adequate incomes and consumption. Achieving other goals such as security, independence and self-respect may be just as important as having the means to buy basic goods and services. The research is focused on the evaluation of the effects of poverty in Alexandra, in particular, people living in informal settlements. There is evidence from several studies that indicates high levels of poverty in the numerous informal settlements in Alexandra. Various reasons such as lack of skills, unemployment and retrenchment have been pointed out as the cause. In informal settlements of Alexandra, most people live in corrugated iron shacks and where they are often unable to acquire basic needs such as food and clothing. This condition is further exacerbated by environmental factors such as lack of proper toilet facilities, the absence of employment opportunities that result in feelings of helplessness, which in turn leads to drug and alcohol abuse. Thus the family and home in this environment becomes dislocated which in turn affects the wider community and society as a whole. The choice of Alexandra for the study was made due to its history of neglect during the apartheid era which has made it one of the most impoverished towns in South Africa, notwithstanding that it borders the most affluent part of Johannesburg. In order to gain an understanding on the effects of poverty in Alexandra, a literature study and site analysis will be employed as research method. Data will be collected using a literature review and empirical investigation. The research will help the government on how they can assist the people of Alexandra to alleviate poverty.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare - 619 Words
Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare is a play written in the 16th century that’s about a tragic love story between two teenagers who come from rival families, yet fate brings them together and despite the grudge that each family holds for the other; they fall in love. Throughout the story they hide their love from other people especially their families and marry and when Romeo is banished for murder they conceive a plan to run off together. From this story, we learn how two teenagers deceive their families and friends to meet each other when they aren’t supposed to. Also, people need to accept their differences and move on and that it’s about living in the present and not holding grudges. This play is very inspiring for generations to come. With the use of figurative language such as hyperbole and dramatic irony, Romeo, Juliet and Friar Laurence act on impulse instead of thinking what their consequences could be. First of all, Shakespeare uses repetition to emphasize Juliet’s impulsiveness because she doesn’t think the consequences she could face. JULIET - â€Å"Give me, give me! O, tell not me of fear!†(4.1.123). She just wants the vial and nothing else. She isn’t thinking what could possibly happen to others if the plan doesn’t go as planned. She is being selfish here. She has no fear when she takes the potion. JULIET- â€Å"To help me after! I will kiss thy lips. Haply some poison yet doth hang on them, To make me die with a restorative†(5.3.169-172). Right now, the onlyShow MoreRelatedRomeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare818 Words  | 3 PagesThroughout history, Shakespeare has been given credit for the popularizing of tragedies, causing a tragic hero to be seen as a reputable character. In Shakespeare’s story â€Å"Romeo and Juliet,†two ill-fated lovers are caught between the bitter hatred of their two families. 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When Romeo and Juliet decided to getRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1197 Words  | 5 Pagesforbidding it’s deadly, referring of course to the classic William Shakespeare play of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†, set in Verona, Italy. The play examines two families, the Montauges and the Capulets caught in an ongoing battle of hate, however two of the children manage to find love. All is not fair in love and war, and this play examines some examples of how love and hate correlate to each other in this captivating tale of â€Å"Romeo and Juliet†. It’s a feud so deep and long lasting it seems that nothingRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1287 Words  | 6 PagesLizzy Baginski English Composition 2 Mr. Spera March 10, 2015 Romeo and Juliet Research Paper The movie Romeo and Juliet is a modern classic film that took place in 1996. Overall this is a timeless story that everyone should go and watch. 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Shakespearean time was between the middle Ages and the Industrial Revolution and it was branded by religious changes. William Shakespeare is widely known as the greatest dramatist of all time. Born April 1564, Shakespeare’s play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ is no doubt one of his most famous pieces. ‘Romeo and Juliet’ was first published in 1597 and its tragic story of banned love still captures the creativity of its audience today. ‘Romeo and Juliet’, althoughRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet 966 Words  | 4 Pages Beauty Over Gold â€Å"Beauty provoketh thieves sooner than gold.--William Shakespeare, 1623. In his book As You Like It, William Shakespeare pointed out the supremacy of love rather than the want of gold and wealth. Truly, beauty is more important to thieves than wealth. Many of the thieves in this world would rather have an elegant woman than to obtain precious rubies. After all, what good is a prosperous man if he doesn’t have a charming woman? 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